Alzheimer’s disease is a common neurologic disorder that causes the brain to shrink in size and brain cells to die. It is a progressive brain disorder, meaning that it slowly gets worse as time goes on. Currently, there is no known cause or cure for Alzheimer’s disease, but there are treatment options available to patients to slow the progression of the disease. There are three stages of Alzheimer’s: mild, moderate, and severe. Read on to learn about the key differences among each phase of this disease.
Stage 1: Early-Stage Alzheimer’s
An individual with mild or early-stage Alzheimer’s can function independently and go about their everyday life with little interruption or assistance. The symptoms of Alzheimer’s in this stage may not be widely apparent to loved ones at this point in the disease. The main symptom of mild Alzheimer’s disease is memory lapse, which can include misplacing a valuable item, difficulty planning or organizing, or struggling to come up with the right word in a conversation.
Stage 2: Middle-Stage Alzheimer’s
Once an individual progresses into moderate or middle-stage Alzheimer’s, they require a higher level of care. Typically, stage 2 is the longest phase of Alzheimer’s and can last for several years. Individuals may struggle to perform some everyday tasks without the assistance of a caretaker and symptoms become more noticeable to others. As the brain continues to deteriorate, noticeable personality changes may occur. For example, a moderate Alzheimer’s patient may become moody, withdrawn, suspicious, or compulsive. Forgetfulness becomes more apparent as well; it may be difficult to recall events, what day it is, and personal history.
Stage 3: End-Stage Alzheimer’s
Stage 3 Alzheimer’s is characterized by symptoms so severe that an individual loses the ability to actively participate with the outside world. Assistance from a caretaker is required at all times as a patient may suffer from incontinence and the inability to walk, dress themselves, or even swallow. Communication is very limited, but patients can still benefit from interactions initiated by others, like listening to music or holding hands.
If you or someone you know is living with Alzheimer’s disease, consult a healthcare professional for guidance. Pharmasite Research is currently enrolling patients with Alzheimer’s disease for a clinical trial in Pikesville, MD.